United States Department of Transportation
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Developing Crash Modification Factors for Wrong-Way-Driving Countermeasures
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2023-02-01
[PDF-1.83 MB]
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Edition:Final Report
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Abstract:This study evaluated wrong-way-driving (WWD) crash countermeasures at freeway ramps and frontage roads. Specifically, the study focused on the safety effectiveness of geometric features, access management strategies, and traffic control devices (TCDs) that are potential WWD crash countermeasures. The research team compiled safety data representing 2,722 locations for evaluation in Texas and 697 in Florida. Due to the limited number of WWD crashes identified for the most recent 3-yr periods in each State (375 in Texas and 110 in Florida), the evaluations were carried out only differentiating between daytime and nighttime crashes. A two-phase analysis methodology was developed to combine information from a subset of crashes with known points of WWD maneuvers and data collected in a larger area, including crashes where only potential points of entry were available. Statistically significant crash modification factors (CMFs) were found for three types of countermeasures: geometric features, access management strategies, and TCDs. These analyses found statistically significant CMFs, indicating increased crash risk at locations with more ramps or ramp lanes and at frontage road locations with a higher number of access points. Statistically significant CMFs were also found that indicated reduced crash risks were associated with longer ramps and with longer distances from freeway exits at frontage roads and crossing roads. These analyses also produced statistically significant CMFs, indicating reduced crash risks were associated with adding vertical signage to access points at frontage roads. Similarly, this project found statistically significant CMFs that indicated reduced crash risk at signalized locations, locations displaying more WRONG WAY (WW) signs and DO NOT ENTER (DNE) signs, and locations where pavement markings for the paths of turning lanes were present. The economic evaluation of deploying WW and DNE signs found moderate benefit–cost ratios with values greater than 1.0, indicating that because these countermeasures are expected to produce more safety benefits than costs, their installation is justified.
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