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RAP Reset – Responsibly Optimizing Recycled Materials Use in AC and Pavement Performance Life
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2020-12-01
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[PDF-3.56 MB]
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Edition:Final Report
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Abstract:The durability performance of Asphalt Concrete (AC) with various percentages of Reclaimed Asphalt Material (RAM) has been a focal point of the asphalt industry leading it to embrace the Balanced Mix Design (BMD) concept. The goal of this research was to review and enhance Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) AC materials selection, mix design, and standard specifications for optimized use of RAM, based on readily implementable technology, in collaboration with industry stakeholders for improved durability performance. The scope included a literature review; an assessment of RAM supply in the state; a statewide comparison of low and high RAM pavement performance data to determine if differences were observed; evaluation of raw materials and field mixtures; evaluation of laboratory mixed-laboratory compacted (LMLC), field mixed-laboratory compacted (FMLC), and field cored (FMFC) samples; statistical analysis of results and preparing this report. The laboratory analysis included short-term and long-term aging of binders and mixtures with rheological and cracking tests performed on them. Primary recommendations of this study include: integrating volumetric parameters along with further performance testing in a BMD approach to increase effective binder content; implementing all of the volumetric criteria in AASHTO M323 during mix design, test section and acceptance; using ΔTc as an aging parameter in binder specifications; including RAM in all mix designs regardless of doses; maintaining an IDT strength specification and transitioning to CT-Index; adding long-term aging for IDT/CT-Index test specimens in the future, maintaining the current Hamburg Wheel Track (HWT) rutting test and criteria; short- and long-term standard specification revisions; and re-evaluating the performance of RAM pavements with time.
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