United States Department of Transportation
i
Application of Industrial Ecology Principles in the Bioenergy Sector in California
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2021-01-01
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By Ro, Jin Wook
[PDF-4.54 MB]
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Abstract:Bioenergy has long been a promising solution to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transportation, electric power, and natural gas sectors, and thus, it has been promoted by policies in the interest of climate change mitigation globally. In the United States, environmental policies such as the federal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and state-level Low Carbon Fuel Standards (LCFSs) and Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPSs) are in effect to regulate transportation fuels and electricity generation. While purpose-grown or energy-dedicated biomass feedstocks seem to be important to reduce GHG emissions under these policies, at present they typically provide only incremental reductions. To achieve a significant reduction of GHG, utilizing waste or residual biomass feedstock is likely required. The field of industrial ecology as long promoted waste valorization as a pathway for sustainable production systems. This concept has also been popularized more recently as part of circular economy. The goal of this dissertation is to analyze applications through the lens of circular economy in California based on life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economic analysis (TEA).
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