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Improved Fracture Toughness and Fatigue Characteristics of Electroslag Welds
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1987-10-01
[PDF-4.77 MB]
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Edition:Final report
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Abstract:This project was designed to increase the reliability, integrity and mechanical behavior of electroslag welds in type A36 and A588 steel alloys. The parameters developed in this program utilized a narrow gap and a consumable plate guide tube in combination with reduced voltages and higher welding currents. This reduced heat input, increased welding speed, and also reduced weld imperfection tendency. Alloy additions, nickel and molybdenum, develop an acicular weld metal tough microstructure. To minimize heat input, alloy additions were made through a tubular alloyed powder-containing wire. Charpy impact toughness data exhibited uniformly high weld metal toughness. Heat affected zone impact toughness exhibited wide variations and was sensitive to test location. The lowest impact toughness was within approximately 1 mm of the fusion boundary and was approximately equivalent to the zone 2 impact toughness requirements. Full-thickness fracture toughness data were comparable to base metal when the optimized procedures and alloying conditions were utilized. Full thickness toughness data did not show wide variations in the heat affected zone. Hence, Charpy impact toughness assessment without standardized test locations and relative to full thickness data may not be the best method to assess toughness. None of the 12 electroslag welds evaluated under fatigue conditions developed cracks within the test conditions studied. These data suggest that sound electroslag welds in the absence of weld imperfections more than meet AASHTO fatigue requirements for category B weldments.
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