United States Department of Transportation
i
Factors That Influence the Stability of Slopes - a Literature Review
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1979-01-01
[PDF-5.68 MB]
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Edition:Interim Report
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Abstract:The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), under subcontract to the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) on FHWA contract no. FHWA-7-3-0001, performed the geologic tasks required by the contract. The portion of the project reported in this interim report is part of Phase I requiring documentation of features and conditions which influence stability of natural and man made slopes in earth materials. The features and conditions described include discrete primary and secondary features or discontinuities such as bedding surfaces, joints, and foliations as well as less distinct anisotropies in an otherwise physically uniform mass. Discussion of secondary factors contributing to slope instability such as rainfall, slope steepness and aspect, and vegetation also is included. Triggering by earthquakes has not been included, nor have mud and debris flows and soil creep unless they have been inseparably grouped by authors with other types of mass movement. Also, rockfalls, rock glaciers, and topples were not investigated. All other mass movement of soil and rock such as earthflows, slumps, and rock or block slide failures are considered to be varieties of landslides and are included in this report. The literature on interaction of landslide-causing factors was reviewed and is summarized.
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