ADAS Enhanced by 5G Connectivity: Volumes 1 and 2
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2018-09-01
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Alternative Title:ADAS Enhanced by 5G Connectivity [Project Title from Cover]
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Abstract:Volume 1: This paper explores the limit of digital maps’ globally-referenced position accuracy when the mapping agents are equipped with low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers performing standard codephase- based navigation, and presents a globally-referenced electro-optical simultaneous localization and mapping pipeline, called GEOSLAM, designed to achieve this limit. The key accuracy-limiting factor is shown to be the asymptotic average of the error sources that impair standard GNSS positioning. Asymptotic statistics of each GNSS error source are analyzed through both simulation and empirical data to show that sub-50-cm accurate digital mapping is feasible in the horizontal plane after multiple mapping sessions with standard GNSS, but larger biases persist in the vertical direction. GEOSLAM achieves this accuracy by (i) incorporating standard GNSS position estimates in the visual SLAM framework, (ii) merging digital maps from multiple mapping sessions, and (iii) jointly optimizing structure and motion with respect to time-separated GNSS measurements. Volume 2: A system developed for low-cost precise urban vehicular positioning is demonstrated to achieve a probability of correct integer fixing greater than 96.5% for a probability of incorrect integer fixing surely less than 2.3% and likely less than 1%. The results are achieved without any aiding by inertial or electro-optical sensors. Development and evaluation of the unaided GNSS-based precise positioning system is a key milestone toward the overall goal of combining precise GNSS, vision, radar, and inertial sensing for all-weather high-integrity precise positioning for automated and connected vehicles. All components have been tailored in their design to yield competent sub-decimeter positioning in the mobile urban environment. A performance sensitivity analysis reveals that navigation data bit prediction on the GPS L1 C/A signals is key to high-performance urban real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning.
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