United States Department of Transportation
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Corporate Contributors:Rutgers University. Center for Advanced Infrastructure and Transportation ; United States. Department of Transportation. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology ; United States. Department of Transportation. University Transportation Centers (UTC) Program ; United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration ; University at Buffalo. Institute of Bridge Engineering
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Edition:Final Report 2/1/2021-7/31/2022
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Abstract:The existing ML models for vibration-based damage assessments often use highly compressed features or are restricted to preprocessed signals with fixed durations and sampling rates. Additionally, the learning capacities of ML models and computational resources are limited, which restricts using raw signals as direct input. This report studies Mel Filter Banks (MFBs) for seismic signal processing, inspired by speech recognition technology. It is argued that the same filter designs in audio engineering may not be appropriate for seismic records, and therefore, customized filter bank formulation is developed. Hybrid Deep learning models for Rapid Assessments (HyDRA) are introduced as multi-branch neural network architectures that enable end-to-end training for different types of processed vibration data structures. Moreover, the performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) equation is adjusted to integrate ML model uncertainties for probabilistic assessments. The proposed concepts are validated in a case study based on a dataset of 32,400 nonlinear time history analyses on a highway bridge in California. Insights and guidelines are provided for optimum filter design based on 5,184 experiments. Several HyDRA architectures are compared with benchmark models. It is shown that the optimized MFB feature type outperforms features obtained from continuous wavelet transform and a stacked vector of conventional earthquake engineering indices. Finally, a Bayesian variant of HyDRA is investigated to showcase its integration in the modified PBEE equation. Adopting custom filter banks with the HyDRA architecture enables effective feature extraction from raw vibration records by diversifying feature space and preserving information in the time and frequency domains.
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