United States Department of Transportation
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Development of Fine-Grained Spatial Resolution for an Integrated Health Impacts Assessment Tool for the Sacramento Region [supporting dataset]
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2019-09-17
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Abstract:Understanding the public health impacts of transportation plans can inform decision making and project prioritization. Because each plan and regional context is different, there is a need for site-specific methods to assess the extent and distribution of health impacts of changes to a region’s transportation system. To fill this need, researchers have developed the Integrated Transport and Health Impact Model (ITHIM), which predicts the public health impacts of transportation and land use scenarios from expected changes in air quality, traffic safety, and physical activity. However, current transportation health impact assessment models (including ITHIM) operate at coarse geographic scales (e.g. region or county) to quantify health changes. This research builds on previous work using ITHIM to generate demographically explicit health outcomes to provide neighborhood-level estimates of public health changes predicted from transportation plan scenarios in Sacramento, California. We assess the impacts of regional transportation plan scenarios on public health via changes in traffic injury and physical activity. Zip-code level results are mapped using a customizable web interface. Illustrative results indicate that the adopted regional transportation plan will lead to improved health outcomes, largely driven by the benefits of increased physical activity. However, these estimates vary widely across the region, with some communities expected to experience adverse impacts and others obtaining higher levels of benefit. We note that some of the variation may be the result of modeling noise, and we identify promising avenues for improving the robustness of estimates at small spatial scales. Disaggregation is important from sustainability and equity perspectives to determine the locations where and populations for whom the physical activity benefits of non-motorized transportation are outweighed by increased exposure to the risk of air pollution and injury or death. Providing an accessible, web-based tool to illustrate the effects of transportation plans and in communities across a region has the potential to elevate health and equity considerations in transportation decision making. The methods developed in this study can be refined and improved and applied elsewhere by modifying the source code, which is publicly available.
The total size of the described zip file is 448.254MB. The ZIP file for this dataset contains files with the following files extensions: Files with the .xlsx extension are Microsoft Excel spreadsheet files. These can be opened in Excel or open-source spreadsheet programs. Files with the HTML extension can be viewed through the web browser. File extension .gitignore is associated with Git, a version control system developed by Linus Torvalds for various platforms that can run on local machine also as server app. These .gitignore files are text configuration files used by Git used to determine which files and directories to ignore, before user make a commit (for more information on .gitignore files and software, please visit https://www.file-extensions.org/gitignore-file-extension). File extension .md is used in creating GitHub Issues and can be opened in a basic text editor. R Files can be viewed using RStudio, an open-source program. PDFs are used to display text and images and can be opened with any PDF reader or editor. The .csv, Comma Separated Value, file is a simple format that is designed for a database table and supported by many applications. The .csv file is often used for moving tabular data between two different computer programs, due to its open format. Any text editor or spreadsheet program will open .csv files. DBF files can be opened using dBase but can also be opened through Microsoft Excel or an open-source spreadsheet program.
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Content Notes:As this dataset is preserved in a repository outside U.S. DOT control, as allowed by the U.S. DOT’s Public Access Plan (https://doi.org/10.21949/1503647) Section 7.4.2 Data, the NTL staff has performed NO additional curation actions on this dataset. The current level of dataset documentation is the responsibility of the dataset creator. NTL staff last accessed this dataset at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3424327 on 2022-09-27. If, in the future, you have trouble accessing this dataset at the host repository, please email NTLDataCurator@dot.gov describing your problem. NTL staff will do its best to assist you at that time.
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