United States Department of Transportation
i
Advanced Parking Management Systems: Strategic Management of Intermodal Junctions
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1998-05-01
[PDF-3.93 MB]
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Abstract:Advanced Parking Management Systems are part of the larger effort to reduce traffic congestion. Such systems utilize the variable message sign (VMS) to provide drivers with real time information on the number of open parking spaces at different alternative lots. The hope is that drivers will then go directly to a lot with a sufficient number of open spaces rather than going first to a lot which might already be full. In order to predict the effect of parking availability information on congestion, one needs to know what fraction of drivers will divert to a given lot based on the number of open spaces in each of the lots which appear on a VMS, the driving time to the lots, the walking time from a lot to the destination and so on. Three experiments were run to test alternative models of drivers' lot decisions. One was a standard paper and pencil study; two were run on an advanced driving simulator. It was found that the participants employed two very different decision rules. Two-thirds used a cognitively simple rule which minimized the expected travel time. Using the appropriate rule for a given subject, it was found that over 90% of the decisions could be predicted correctly. Using only the more complex rule, a rule which is currently used, one might predict as few as 33% of the decisions correctly. Thus, the results from this study can be used to improve predictions of drivers' parking choices.
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