This paper expands upon the concepts of induced demand and their representation in the HERS model. The importance of recognizing induced traffic and induced demand are presented, their separation into long run and short run demand curves is described, and the use of elasticities to make them operational in the model is explained. For choosing among alternatives that accomplish the same end but in different ways, a life-cycle cost analysis may be sufficient. An example might be the type of pavement or pavement structure: the surface quality will be the same in all cases, over the relevant period of time. In this case, the volume of traffic will not be affected by the choice of pavement. In other cases, however, assuming that volumes are unaffected by improvements is not valid.
The purpose of this Tech Brief is to present a summary of the application of sustainability concepts to pavements. It provides an introduction to thes...
Lifecycle cost analysis (LCCA) is an engineering economic analysis tool that compares the relative merit of competing project implementation alternati...
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