United States Department of Transportation
i
Assessing the Health Impacts of Transportation Projects - a Synthesis
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2020-12-01
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[PDF-3.97 MB]
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Edition:Final Report: January 2020 - December 2020
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Abstract:To identify the best approach to applying Health Impact Assessment (HIA) for complete street projects in Florida, a comprehensive literature review and case studies were conducted. Existing HIA tools applied in the U.S. and elsewhere in the world were reviewed. It was found that the Integrated Transportation and Health Impacts Model tool (ITHIM) is the best choice for implementation of HIA in Florida, because ITHIM has had successful implementations in the United States, including multiple Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPO) in California and Nashville in Tennessee. ITHIM’s ability of modeling three transportation impacts that are important in Florida, namely physical activity, air pollution, and traffic injuries with pedestrians and cyclists, is also an important criterion for the decision. Three important ITHIM implementations in the United States were then examined in great detail (i.e., greater Nashville area in Tennessee, five major California MPOs, and counties in Sacramento, California). From these case studies, useful perspectives and modeling techniques that can be replicated for a potential ITHIM application in Florida were identified. The Nashville case demonstrated that ITHIM implementation can be coupled with other regional planning initiatives to increase public support for active transportation investments. The Sacramento case showcased a disaggregate approach that can highlight underlying health disparities in neighborhoods with diverse socioeconomic and racial and ethnic backgrounds. ITHIM implementations for multiple California MPOs provided a modern software architecture that can be replicated in Florida. Combining the results of literature review and case studies, a modeling framework was developed to integrate transportation and health impact assessment for MPO transportation planning in the United States. This framework combining a regional travel demand model with ITHIM can be integrated into the standard regional transportation planning process. Potential data sources that can be used for implementation of this framework in Florida were also identified.
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