Analysis of Calcite, Dolomite and Texture, and Their Roles in Premature Deterioration of Portland Cement Concrete Pavement in Kansas
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2000-03-01
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Edition:Interim Report, December 1997 to March 2000
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Abstract:Premature deterioration of concrete pavement produced with Class I limestone indicated a need to better predict limestone that would be deleterious in the future while passing Class I test criteria. Using the information contained in the database prepared for FHWA-KS-97/4, a classification of Kansas limestone has been obtained using texture and iron content of the carbonate minerals. Iron content of both the calcite and dolomite is indicated by the colors obtained with staining. The iron content and texture information in this investigation indicate that the greater the iron content, the greater the chances that the tested limestone does not pass Class I criteria. Since the limestone in the prematurely deteriorated pavement was Class I, the high iron content may be playing an important role in the premature deterioration. Some textures seem to have less iron content as evidenced in the database. Finely textured limestones have less iron content as indicated by stained peels. Coarsely textured limestones have more iron content. A higher proportion of finely textured limestone passes criteria for Class I aggregate. Using the presented findings, field geologists could be provided with a field manual that includes texture and color criteria, stain recipe and procedure, and interpretation of stain results. This field manual can be revised and redefined as results of current related research are available and as experience in the field is gained. The field geologists could use the manual in the quarry to determine quickly (1) which texture category and stain colors individual ledges produce, (2) the aggregate stain colors and textures in an available production stockpile, and (3) the textures and stain colors of adjacent nonproduction ledges. This information on stain colors and textures can be used by geologists while sampling ledges to signal possible quality problems or to verify quality of site stockpiled production. If this information is known then construction engineers using the information can use stain tests to verify project stockpiles.
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