Since 2003, The Federal Aviation Administration has operated a Solar Radiation Alert System to aid the aerospace community and interested members of the flying public in their decision making with regards to solar ionizing radiation. The first alerts were issued during the solar storms of late October 2003. In the years since its initial operation, several improvements have been made to the calculations behind the dose rates and the means of communicating the results to the aerospace community and the flying public. The basic method of satellite data evaluation described in earlier reports remains unchanged, but it has been updated and expanded.
For aircraft and spacecraft, mass must be kept as low as possible; every kilogram of radiation shielding is one less kilogram of payload or fuel. The ...
Primary cosmic radiation from both the Sun and interstellar space enters Earth's atmosphere in varying amounts. Outside of Earth's atmosphere, cosmic ...
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