United States Department of Transportation
i
Optimal Design of Stormwater Basins With Bio-Sorption Activated Media (Bam) in Karst Environments – Phase II: Field Testing of BMPs
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2020-03-01
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[PDF-760.06 KB]
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Edition:Final Report 3/1/2017 – 3/30/2020
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Abstract:Two new designs of stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs) using Biosorption Activated Media (BAM) were developed, implemented, and tested: (1) blanket filters, located within a stormwater management facility, and (2) vertical infiltration reactors. The blanket filter, comprised of a 1-ft top-soil layer and 3-ft BAM layer, removed 60%-66% of TN, NOx, and NH3 from roadway runoff. Mean removals of total nitrogen (TN), nitrate-nitrite (NOx), and ammonia (NH3) within a 3-ft top-soil layer (containing no BAM) range from 78%-92%, exceeding mean removals observed in the blanket filter. Within a blanket filter, a 3-ft BAM layer removes considerably more nitrogen, and particularly NOx, as compared to 1.5-ft layer of BAM. Similarly, a 3-ft soil layer above the BAM layer may remove considerably more nitrogen as compared to a 1-ft soil layer. It is estimated that through a 20- to 30-year design life, the cost of each pound of TN removed by blanket filters (a 3-ft layer of BAM placed in the vadose zone with 1-ft soil coverage) is $611-$715, while each pound of NOx removed will cost $1,360-$1,590. Of six media configurations tested within vertical reactors, nitrogen removal was best achieved by a 4-ft layer of BAM; a mean 49% TN and over 53% NOx was removed from incoming stormwater. It is estimated that through a 20- to 30-year design life, the cost of each pound of TN removed by vertical reactors placed in the vadose zone is $453-$498. It is estimated that each pound of NOx removed will cost $701-$732.
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