United States Department of Transportation
i
Cost Analysis on the Reuse of Concrete Residuals
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2017-06-29
[PDF-6.47 MB]
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Edition:Final Report, Aug 16, 2014 – Aug 15 - 2016
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Abstract:Concrete hydrodemolition and diamond grinding/grooving operations performed for the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) generate large amounts of concrete residuals. Currently these residuals can be classified by the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) as Class A Residuals and are treated as “inert debris” thus allowing them to be reused instead of being disposed at Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) and Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) sites. The NCDOT needs to develop a method to compare the potential savings from possible alternatives of disposal such as the use of the concrete residual material as liming amendments on NCDOT right of way highways, Class B residual sites and agricultural applications. Contractors bidding on NCDOT projects need guidance to assist them in identifying available options for concrete residuals based on project locations. As part of this work, best practices for the disposal/reuse of the concrete residual material both from North Carolina and other states were identified. By surveying DOT personnel and contractors, the attributes contributing to the costs of the various alternatives were identified. A benefit-cost analysis (BCA) was performed to investigate potential savings from other alternative options to disposal such as the use of the material as liming amendments on NCDOT right of way highways, Class B residual sites and agricultural applications. Using these attributes, a Benefit-Cost Model (BCM) using Multi-Criteria Analysis was developed that enables the estimation of the costs of disposing and/or reusing concrete residual material that is produced by the hydrodemolition and diamond grinding/grooving processes. In addition to the BCM, a tool was developed that can be used by contractors undertaking such projects to better estimate their costs and to allow them to compare alternatives for the disposal/reuse of the concrete residual material. This model incorporates a risk analysis for the comparison of several feasible alternatives to disposal of concrete residuals, a tool for contractors to use to estimate their anticipated costs for disposal or reuse of concrete particulars, and recommendations on acceptable methods for handling concrete residuals after monetary, environmental factors and risk have been considered. For model simulations performed using project constraints and assumptions typical to NC projects generating residuals, key findings included: use of decanting ponds were determined to be the most cost effective means of handling residuals, disposal options for solids vary across the state and are highly dependent on the tipping fees waste disposal facilities charge, and solid disposal options using beneficial fill were determined to be the least expensive.
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