United States Department of Transportation
i
Edge City and ISTEA - Examining the Transportation Implications of Suburban Development Patterns
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1992-12-01
[PDF-4.49 MB]
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Abstract:Throughout history, development of cities has been based on the state-of-the-art transportation mode of the time. Before motorized modes existed, the dominant form of urban development centered around the agora, or marketplace. All the necessities of life for urban dwellers were found within a short walking distance from home. The first stage of suburbanization in the United States began with the relocation of residential development outside the center city. As the population expanded, technology progressed, and motorized vehicles became common, the boundaries of most cities expanded accordingly. Radial transit lines allowed for city expansion in the early part of the century. Widespread availability of the automobile, development of the Interstate Highway System, Federal Housing Administration low interest home mortgage loans, economic prosperity, and population growth were strong incentives for suburban residential development after World War II. Persons could live in the suburbs and commute to their jobs in the city. The second stage of suburbanization was the movement of retail businesses to the suburbs. Realizing that a large portion of their customers were no longer living the downtown ares, retailers moved their operations out to accommodate the growing number living outside of urban centers. Large regional malls grew in central locations to serve many communities while smaller strip malls provided the daily buying needs of suburban America.
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