United States Department of Transportation
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Commuter Bus Demand, Incentives for Modal Shift, and Impact on Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Part II – Service Delivery Concepts
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2019-10-01
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[PDF-2.87 MB]
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Edition:Final Report October 2019 (November 2018 - October 2019)
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Abstract:This report is a continuation of a project to model and evaluate the potential to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by expanding express commuter bus services in the Greater Boston area. First, data for socioeconomic factors in the Central Transportation Planning Staff (CTPS) travel demand model are collected to improve model accuracy. Second, additional data (including household income and industry sector of employment) for each commuting corridor are used to explain the remaining variations in the data. The revised model is used to evaluate the impact of running buses in dedicated lanes or on highway shoulders, and to evaluate the effect of commuter bus stop location on the attractiveness for access by walking or driving. The impacts of shoulder running and bus stop location are then evaluated for the corridors with the greatest potential to reduce GHG per dollar of cost, which include Framingham-Boston Central Business District (CBD) and Woburn-Boston CBD. The results show that bus-on-shoulder running on existing feasible shoulders can improve bus travel times by up to 4 minutes, leading to roughly double the reduction in GHG emissions associated with new commuter bus services compared to mixed traffic operations. Bus stop placement within a town can affect ridership by a factor of three, primarily by affecting walk-accessibility, and make the difference between a route causing a net reduction in GHG emissions or not.
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