United States Department of Transportation
i
Reliability of Safety Management Methods: Safety Effectiveness Evaluation
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2016-03-01
[PDF-1.18 MB]
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Abstract:High quality data and reliable analytical methods are the foundation of data-driven decision-making. The Reliability of Safety Management Methods series includes five information guides that identify opportunities to employ more reliable methods to support decisions throughout the Roadway Safety Management process. Four of the guides focus on specific components of the Roadway Safety Management process: network screening, diagnosis, countermeasure selection, and safety effectiveness evaluation. The fifth guide focuses on the systemic approach to safety management, which describes a complimentary approach to the traditional methods related to network screening, diagnosis, and countermeasure selection. The purpose of the Reliability of Safety Management Methods series is to demonstrate the value of more reliable methods in these activities, and demonstrate limitations of traditional (less reliable) methods. The Reliability of Safety Management Methods in Safety Effectiveness Evaluation guide describes various methods and the latest tools to support Safety Effectiveness Evaluation. The target audience includes data analysts and project managers involved in projects that impact highway safety. The objectives of this guide are to 1) raise awareness of more reliable methods, and 2) demonstrate through examples the value of more reliable methods in Safety Effectiveness Evaluation. This guide compares more reliable evaluation methods to traditional methods which are more susceptible to bias and may result in less reliable estimates and less effective decisions. Readers will understand the value of and be prepared to select more reliable methods in Safety Effectiveness Evaluation. The guide includes five sections and an appendix. The first section introduces the Roadway Safety Management process and Safety Effectiveness Evaluation. The second section provides an overview of various methods for conducting Safety Effectiveness Evaluation, including a discussion of the associated strengths and limitations. The strengths and limitations focus on the ability (and inability) of the methods to account for issues in Safety Effectiveness Evaluation that can lead to less reliable results. The third section demonstrates the value of applying more reliable methods in Safety Effectiveness Evaluation. Simulated and empirical examples highlight the shortcomings of less reliable methods, which lead to less reliable results and conclusions. The next section summarizes the data requirements to employ the various methods. The final section describes available tools and resources to support Safety Effectiveness Evaluation. The Appendix presents further details on the simulated and empirical examples used to demonstrate the value of applying more reliable evaluation methods.
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