Allen, D. L., Schultz, D. B., & Willett, D. A. (2003). Evaluation of Non-Nuclear Density Gauges (Report No. KTC-03-24/FR115-01-1F). University of Kentucky Transportation Center. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/38980
Allen, David L., David B. Schultz, and David Allen Willett. Evaluation of Non-Nuclear Density Gauges. Report no. KTC-03-24/FR115-01-1F. University of Kentucky Transportation Center, 2003. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/38980.
Allen, David L., et al. Evaluation of Non-Nuclear Density Gauges. University of Kentucky Transportation Center, 2003, Report no. KTC-03-24/FR115-01-1F, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/38980.
For the past several decades, density of freshly laid hot mix asphalt (HMA) mats has been measured using nuclear density gauges. However, use of these devices requires the user to maintain an inordinate amount of records on the use of the equipment. In addition, there is always the concern about possible accidents with the gauges that might expose the radiation source to the operators or other bystanders. Other methods are being developed and evaluated to measure in-place density. One of the more promising ways to determine density is to measure the dielectric constant of an HMA mat by measuring its electrical "impedance" at a chosen frequency (non-nuclear density gauges). The sole objective was to compare nuclear density gauge with non-nuclear density gauge (PQI 300) methods if they yielded similar results when measuring.
Allen, D. L., Schultz, D. B., & Willett, D. A. (2003). Evaluation of Non-Nuclear Density Gauges (Report No. KTC-03-24/FR115-01-1F). University of Kentucky Transportation Center. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/38980
Allen, David L., David B. Schultz, and David Allen Willett. Evaluation of Non-Nuclear Density Gauges. Report no. KTC-03-24/FR115-01-1F. University of Kentucky Transportation Center, 2003. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/38980.
Allen, David L., et al. Evaluation of Non-Nuclear Density Gauges. University of Kentucky Transportation Center, 2003, Report no. KTC-03-24/FR115-01-1F, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/38980.
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