United States Department of Transportation
i
Effect of Rubber on Asphalt Mixes
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2001-06-25
[PDF-4.80 MB]
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Abstract:Each year about 285 million tires are discarded in the United States. Scrap tires are visually offensive, a health and fire hazard, and a part of the solid waste management problem. Legislation by the States and by the Federal government have attempted to regulate the transportation and storage of scrap tires and encourage the development of alternative uses (1). During 1991, this problem assumed greater importance due to provisions in the Intermodal Surface Transportation Ef iciency Act (ISTEA --91). Section 1038 of the ISTEA-91 mandated the use of Crumb Rubber Modifiers (CRM) in 5 percent of the asphalt pavements placed in 1994 using the Federal-aid and increasing by 5 percent per year, to 20 percent in 1997 and thereafter. Section 1038 also indicated that the penalty for failure to comply with the mandate would be the loss of equivalent percentage of Federal-aid received, excluding the Interstate completion funds (2). This mandate was put forth based on the information submitted by the U. S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) and the Environmental Protection agency (EPA) in their report to the U. S. Congress. This report indicated that the use of CRM in asphalt mixes would be a feasible task and would not require any waiver provisions (1). Blending crumb rubber with asphalt was reported to increase the viscosity of the resulting blend. This was said to make the mix more pliable and flexible at low temperatures while remaining stiffer and less plastic at high temperatures. This binder and/or mix modification was reported (3) to impart improved rutting, fatigue, and low temperature cracking resistance to the mixes
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