United States Department of Transportation
i
Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV) Driver Restart Study: Final Report
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2017-03-01
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[PDF-2.96 MB]
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Edition:Final Report, December 2014- December 2015
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Abstract:A congressionally-mandated naturalistic study was conducted to evaluate the operational, safety, fatigue, and health impacts of the restart provisions in Sections 395.3(c) and 395.3(d) of Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations. A total of 235 commercial motor vehicle drivers representative of the industry contributed data while working their normal schedules, with 181 drivers completing all 5 months of the study. Drivers were monitored via electronic logging devices to track driving and working hours; onboard monitoring systems to detect safety-critical events; wrist actigraph devices for sleep-wake tracking; and smartphone apps for self-ratings of fatigue, sleepiness, stress, sleep quality, and caffeine intake, as well as Brief Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT-B) performance testing. Drivers provided 26,964 days of data (17,628 duty days and 9,336 restart days). A total of 3,287 restart/duty cycle sampling units were analyzed. Statistical comparisons were performed using linear and non-linear mixed-effects modeling designed to ensure results were free of selection bias. An analysis of the safety-critical event data did not identify any differences in performance. Drivers’ fatigue ratings were higher, and sleep quality ratings were lower, during 1-night versus 2-night restarts [Section 395.3(c)]. Drivers averaged slower PVT-B response times and more PVT-B lapses during restarts after 168 hours than prior to 168 hours [Section 395.3(d)]. During restarts, drivers obtained significantly more sleep (on average, 2 hours more per day), and rated their sleep quality higher and their stress lower as compared to duty days, regardless of provision use. Results indicate that restarts serve to mitigate driver fatigue, stress, and sleep loss (i.e., the restart effectively provides the functional equivalent of a “week end” to recover from fatigue and sleep loss).
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