United States Department of Transportation
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Automated High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Saturate, Aromatic, Resin, and Asphaltene Separation
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2016-10-01
[PDF-812.45 KB]
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Alternative Title:Automated High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Saturate, Aromatic, Resin, and Asphaltene Separation : TechBrief
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TRIS Online Accession Number:01616891
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Abstract:Dividing a material into its constituent parts is necessary to define its composition. These compositional analyses are useful in binder formulation through blending, rejuvenation, and modification, as well as prediction of physical performance. Normal phase chromatographic separation methods for oils have been around for several decades. One early version of this type of analysis divides a crude oil or asphalt into saturate, aromatic, resin, and asphaltene (SARA) fractions.(1,2) These SARA separations mainly employ chromatography using polar stationary phases such as activated silica gel or activated aluminum oxide. Prior to the chromatography, the oils are typically divided into two solubility classes by a gravimetric separation using a low-polarity hydrocarbon solvent such as isooctane, pentane, or heptane. The soluble material is defined as the maltene, and the insoluble material is defined as the asphaltene. The gravimetric asphaltene/maltene separation typically takes 24 h. The chromatographic separation of maltenes takes another day. If the asphaltenes are to be further subdivided gravimetrically into two solubility fractions, such as cyclohexane soluble and cyclohexane insoluble, then that process takes yet another day.
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