US-23 aggregate test road long-term performance evaluation : final report.
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2017-03-24
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Alternative Title:Concrete Pavement Performance Center of Excellence (CPP-COE) - supplemental services
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Abstract:The US-23 Aggregate Test Road was constructed in 1992 with the main purpose to determine the influence of coarse
aggregate of varying frost susceptibility on long-term concrete durability. The pavement structure for the entire Test Road consists
of a 10.5 inch, 27 ft. jointed reinforced concrete pavement (JRCP) constructed on a 4 in. asphalt-treated permeable base (ATPB)
layer on top of a 3 in. gravel separator layer. Half of each test section was built on the original poorly-draining subbase with the
other half constructed on a “select” well-draining permeable sand subbase. The report findings are based on latest field investigation
in 2016 and previous year’s field tests, aggregate properties, concrete mix proportions, periodic distress surveys, and IRI data
collected by MDOT personnel. The main findings are: No joint durability distress was found. This is attributed to excellent airvoid
system, low concrete permeability and good drainage. Also, pumping erosion related distress has not developed. One section
has developed full lane-width mid-panel cracking in over 75% of panels in the truck lane by year 5. These cracks turned into working
cracks leading to spalling requiring full-depth concrete repairs in 29% of truck-lane panels, while between 0% and 4% of panels
in the other four sections required full depth repair. Dowel looseness was pronounced in all sections since 2009 leading to low
load transfer (30%-60%). Loss of load-transfer and excessive outer corner joint deflections (~ 40 mils/9000 lb by FWD) has resulted
in a permanent transverse joint settlement of 0.1-0.2 inches. A downward slab bending combined with daily loss of slab
support at joints from early morning curl has promoted top-down mid-panel cracking, which is developing in all sections. The
information obtained from this study is helping MDOT pavement engineers design for 30 to 50 year pavement life for Michigan’s
severe traffic loading and environmental conditions
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