United States Department of Transportation
i
Smart rock technology for real-time monitoring of bridge scour and riprap effectiveness – design guidelines and visualization tool.
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2016-12-31
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[PDF-5.14 MB]
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Abstract:This study aims to further develop and demonstrate the recently-proposed smart rock technology for
scour depth and protection effectiveness monitoring. A smart rock is one or two stacked magnets encased
in a concrete sphere with a specially-designed rotational mechanism. Design guidelines, rotational
mechanisms, remote measurement tools and localization algorithms of smart rocks were developed and
validated at three bridge sites. The effect of steel reinforcement in bridge piers/deck on the orientation of
gravity-controlled magnets was negligible. The localization accuracy with a single smart rock met a
general requirement of less than 0.5 m in engineering applications. The spherical smart rock placed
directly on the riverbed of the Roubidoux Creek successfully demonstrated its movement to the bottom
of scour hole during the December 27, 2015, flood. Those deployed in the Waddell Creek and the
Gasconade River were washed away and thus replaced with smart rocks embedded in deposits such that
their top is in flush with the riverbed for improved stability under water current. For rip-rap effectiveness
monitoring, polyhedral smart rocks are recommended to increase their interlock with other natural rocks.
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