Evaluation of partial depth pavement repairs on routes heavily traveled by Amish horse and buggies : phase 1 : final report.

Details

• Creators:
  Nazzal, Munir D. ; Holcombe, Evan
• Corporate Creators:
  Ohio University. Department of Civil Engineering
• Corporate Contributors:
  Ohio. Dept. of Transportation ; United States. Federal Highway Administration
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  • Horse drawn vehicles
  • Nonmotorized transportation
  • Life cycle costing
  • Repairing Amish buggy routes
  • rutting
  • life cycle costs
• Publication/ Report Number:
  FHWA/OH-2017-8
• Resource Type:
  Tech Report
• Geographical Coverage:
  United States;Ohio
• Corporate Publisher:
  Ohio. Dept. of Transportation
• Abstract:
  This report summarizes Phase 1 research work that was completed to: 1-document Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) ; current practices for partial depth repairs performed on roadways with and without Amish buggy traffic, 2- identify and evaluate the cost effectiveness ; of alternative repair mixtures and methods and their combination that can be used to improve the performance and service life ; of partial depth repairs performed on Amish buggy routes in Ohio, and 3- identify all possible changes that could be made to the Amish ; horses and buggies to mitigate their damage to pavement structures. To achieve the first objective, a survey was conducted to collect ; information from ODOT county garages on partial depth repairs. The results of this survey indicated that partial depth repairs on routes with ; and without Amish buggy traffic involves milling the distressed area of the pavement to depth of 2 ½ to 3 inches and filling with 448 Type ; 1 surface course asphalt mix. Limited number of county garages and districts indicated that they monitored compaction during partial depth ; repair. The survey results also indicated that, in general, the service life of repairs on non-Amish routes ranged between 5 to 7 years, but ; repairs on Amish routes lasted 2 years only. However, partial depth repairs lasted about two years on routes with heavy Amish buggy traffic. ; Factors affecting performance for routes with Amish buggy traffic included: Amish buggy volume, grade of road, compaction efforts, mix ; type, and joint deterioration from buggy wheels in longitudinal joints. ; Analysis of repair cycles for routes with or without buggy traffic was also performed in Phase 1. The results of this analysis indicated ; that the rutting was mainly in the surface layer(s) and was not due to deficiency in the pavement structure. Furthermore, aggregates in surface ; mixes within the top 2.5 inches were cracked, which was caused by the high stress intensity due to the Amish buggy traffic. The life cycle ; cost analyses (LCCA) results showed that partial depth repairs performed on routes with heavy Amish buggy traffic were about three times ; more expensive than those of routes without Amish buggy traffic. ; Several alternatives were proposed in Phase 1 to improve the rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures used in partial depth repairs on ; Amish buggy routes, which included using alternative: mix design procedure, asphalt binder type, aggregate structure, and aggregate type. ; In addition, it was also proposed to use the vibratory steel roller for compaction of asphalt mixtures used in partial depth repair and monitor ; density of compacted mix. The LCCA analysis indicated that the proposed alternative mixtures/method could reduce the life cycle costs of ; partial depth repairs on routes with heavy Amish buggy by up to 46%. ; Literature review conducted in Phase 1 indicated that using alteranative horseshoes was expensive and won‘t signficantly reduce ; the damage to the pavement since the calks or cleats welded to the horseshoes are the main cause of damage to pavement structures. Based ; on information collected in this phase, using screw-in studs that are made from hard polymer material and have larger contact area or horse ; boots might help to reduce pavement damage caused by Amish buggies. The Amish community representatives were receptive to trying ; the screw-in studs and horse boots and using them in the future if they are proven to be cost effective and are not rejected by their horses. ; Based on the outcome of Phase 1 of this project, it is recommended that Phase 2 of this study should evaluate all of the identified ; alternative mixtures/method for partial depth repairs on Amish buggy routes as well as the proposed changes to Amish buggies.
  More +
• Format:
  PDF
• Funding:
  SJN 135316
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/32017/dot_32017_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.72 MB]
• Collection(s):
  US Transportation Collection
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:e2b972c3a39d9a017b6b8d9caa45f1e56aafc8aa583c507301f90e29f7a69d46ce4f5792c118d3e55426fbe880aea125c853e7397505b14a58509795dabe6590