United States Department of Transportation
i
Behavior and design of large structural concrete bridge pier overhangs.
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1997-02-01
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[PDF-5.45 MB]
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Abstract:In designing large cantilever bent caps for use on recent projects under current AASHTO design specifications,
designers were faced with considerable uncertainties. Questions arose when designers attempted to satisfy
both serviceability and strength requirements for a series of cap designs that mixed both non-prestressed and
prestressed concrete solutions. The problems were complicated because of uncertainty whether AASHTO
corbel or deep beam provisions would apply. The resulting designs were highly congested, had poor
constructibility and high costs.
This report outlines development of a new design approach involving use of strut-and-tie models (STM), as
well as a mix of prestressed and non-prestressed main flexural reinforcement. A series of sixteen bent cap
overhangs were designed, built at a reduced scale, and loaded to failure. Deflections, crack patterns and
widths, reinforcement strains, and overall behavior were observed. Economic and constructibility issues were
examined. The use ofT-headed anchorages was explored.
A comprehensive design approach that considers both serviceability issues (deflections, cracking, crack
widths, fatigue stress ranges, and side face crack control) and strength issues (ductility, adequacy of STM
design and analysis of flexural capacity} was developed. Recommendations for design and detailing to
improve behavior, reduce congestion and improve constructibility are provided.
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