Factors Contributing to the Retention of Seated Passengers during Emergency Stops
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1980-03-01
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Edition:Final Report; November 1977-June 1979
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Abstract:A series of seven experiments was conducted to examine the variables that could contribute to a safe emergency stop on an automated guideway transit system. Sixty subjects, conforming to a desired range, experienced emergency decelerations in a test vehicle controlled by an automated braking system. The independent variables examined were seat contour and covering, seat orientation and tilt, footrests and armrests, and rate of change of deceleration (jerk). The dependent variables were the deceleration level at which subjects moved from sensors that were imbedded in the experimental seat and subject comfort ratings. The major results indicated that forward-facing subjects sustained higher deceleration levels without being dislodged than subjects sitting at small orientation angles of 150 and 30°. A footrest contributed to greater retention of forward-facing subjects as did a seat tilted back 12°. The maximum deceleration level for retention of 84 percent of the forward-facing passengers sitting on the tilted seat and using a footrest was 0.36 g. Jerk was shown not to be a factor in dislodging subjects during the onset of the emergency stop. It was, however, a factor in the perception of comfort. Subjects reported being more uncomfortable at higher jerk levels.
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