Developing statistical limits for using the light weight deflectometer (LWD) in construction quality assurance.
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2014-07-01
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Abstract:The traditional methods of evaluating the compaction quality of pavement subbase and subgrade construction require considerable time and ; resources. Therefore, there is a need for a safe, reliable, rapid, and cost‐effective field measurement technique for compaction testing of ; unbound pavement layers. The Light Weight Deflectometer (LWD) is one such mechanism that offers field measurement of deflections and ; stiffness of unbound pavement layers under a given load. The LWD is gaining increased attention for quality control and quality assurance ; (QC/QA) during pavement construction. The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) is planning on implementing the LWD in field QA/QC ; for unbound layers of pavements. As such, this research investigates the feasibility of developing statistical limits for the compaction of specified ; combinations of subbase and subgrade materials in terms of their maximum allowable LWD deflections. ; ; Statistical limits were developed for six of the most common subgrade, subbase, or subgrade‐subbase combinations that are used for highway ; pavement construction in Indiana: lime modified, cement modified, natural subgrade and No. 53 crushed stone (53CS) subbase overlaying these ; subgrades. For the subbase layers, these statistical limits are applicable only to six inches of subbase over subgrade and may not be applicable to ; a different layer configuration in terms of the number of lifts or thickness of lifts. The ultimate goal is for the developed statistical limits to ; replace the need for site‐specific LWD limits derived from the onsite test sections, ultimately saving time and money. ; ; Due to variability in the data and data limitations, caution must be exercised when generalizing the findings published in this report. Compared to ; the data from the acceptance test sections, the data collected from test sections saw less variability between projects, for any given material ; type. The test section data yielded maximum allowable deflections that did not vary significantly between projects for cement‐ and lime‐modified ; subgrade, non‐modified subgrade, and six inches of #53 crushed stone over lime‐modified subgrade. Generally, within any specific contract ; location (project site), the data indicates adequate confidence that the test pads generate control measurements that can be used reliably to ; check the adequacy of compaction at that contract location. However, across different contact locations, even for the same material type, so ; much variability was observed that it is not possible to guarantee that the control measurements generated from a limited number of test ; sections (pads) can be confidently transferred to another site of the same material type.
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Main Document Checksum:urn:sha256:80019fc1f06c20d47e06e7755109b1275bd330e4ffb80d9feb7ad8ceac6eb3d5