United States Department of Transportation
i
Use of coal fly ash and other waste products in soil stabilization and road construction-including non-destructive testing of roadways.
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2012-02-01
[PDF-6.79 MB]
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Abstract:An extensive laboratory testing program was performed on subgrade soils stabilized using fly ash and lime kiln dust. The laboratory
program included measurements of: compaction curves, small strain elastic moduli, resilient modulus (Mr), Briaud Compaction
Device (BCD) modulus, and unconfined compressive strengths of subgrade soils mixed with various amounts of Class C fly ash and
lime kiln dust (LKD). The objectives of this study were to (1) quantify changes with time in subgrade modulus and strength from soil
stabilization and (2) evaluate potential nondestructive quality control (QC) methods. The amount of improvement in subgrade
modulus varied with soil type and soil stabilizer. Increases in Mr values by a factor of five or more were observed in some cases.
Relative changes in resilient modulus with time were compared to changes in modulus values measured from small-strain velocity
measurements and the BCD (both of which can be applied in the field for QC) with mixed results. In many cases, the trends in
modulus change were in good agreement, but in other cases significant differences were observed. Short-term tracking of wave
velocity of stabilized soil showed increases of about 20 to 40% (relative to the unstabilized soil) within 1-hr after compaction. Future
studies should focus on evaluation of these NDT methods under field conditions.
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