United States Department of Transportation
i
Improvement of driven pile installation and design in Illinois : phase 2.
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2014-09-01
[PDF-2.64 MB]
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Abstract:A dynamic load test program consisting of 38 sites and 111 piles with restrikes was conducted throughout Illinois
to improve the Illinois Department of Transportation design of driven piling. Pile types included steel H-piles and
closed-ended pipe (shell) piles. Piles were driven into all soil types including clay, silt, sand, shale, and limestone.
Predictive methods for estimating pile capacity were investigated and include the K-IDOT (static) method,
WSDOT (dynamic formula), WEAP, PDA, and CAPWAP. Pile capacities were taken as the capacity estimated
using CAPWAP for beginning of restrike conditions.
Piles were monitored during initial driving. Piles were re-driven several days later to assess the amount of setup
to assess the effect of time, pile type and soil type. Restrikes were conducted typically between 3 -15 days after
initial driving. Modifying WSDOT to include effects of setup explicitly with specific equations (Skov and Denver,
1988) for time dependent setup was not any more precise than the original WSDOT formula with adjustments for
pile type. Accordingly recommendations are made for adjusting WSDOT estimates based on whether the pile is
an H-pile or a shell pile.
Adjustments were made to the simplified stress formula (SSF) to refine predictions of stresses in driven H- and
Shell piles driven with diesel hammers.
Resistance factors were determined using the First Order Second Moment method for the static method (K-IDOT) and the dynamic formula (WSDOT). Pile types included H-piles and shell piles for both end of driving
conditions and for beginning of restrike. Resistance factors were also determined for WEAP and PDA. These
resistance factors were determined using the CAPWAP (BOR) capacity as the static capacity for the pile,
although it is preferable that the resistance factors be based on static load test. Accordingly, adjustments were
made to the resistance factors accounting for the average agreement between capacity determined by
CAPWAP(BOR) and capacity determined with a static load test.
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