United States Department of Transportation
i
Socio-economic effect of seismic retrofit implemented on bridges in the Los Angeles highway network.
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2008-12-01
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[PDF-6.35 MB]
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Abstract:This research studied socio-economic effect of the seismic retrofit implemented on bridges in Los Angeles Area
Freeway Network. Firstly, advanced FE (Finite Element) modeling and nonlinear time history analysis are carried out to
evaluate the seismic performance in the form of fragility curve, of representative bridges before and after retrofit. This
analysis resulted in the determination of retrofit effect in such a way that we can quantify, through the change in fragility
parameters, the improvement of bridge seismic performance after retrofit. Secondly, an integrated traffic assignment
model is introduced to consider change in the post-earthquake OD characteristics due to building damage, and is utilized
to evaluate the post-earthquake network performance of the damaged freeway network in terms of daily travel delay
(compared with the travel time associated with the freeway network not damaged) and attendant opportunity cost.
Furthermore, the process of system restoration is simulated to estimate the total social cost based on bridge functionality
restoration (repair / replacement) process. The benefit from the retrofit is defined as the combined social and bridge
restoration cost avoided by comparing the total social and bridge restoration cost before and after bridge retrofit. The
benefit resulting from combined social and bridge restoration cost avoided together with the bridge retrofit cost are used
for a cost-benefit analysis. The result shows that the retrofit is cost-effective if both social and bridge restoration cost
avoided are considered, and the bridge restoration cost avoided can only contribute a small portion of the initial bridge
retrofit cost.
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