United States Department of Transportation
i
Effect of flaggers and spotters in directing work zone traffic for Illinois expressways and freeways.
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2014-01-01
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[PDF-2.30 MB]
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Abstract:This research project focused on assessing the effectiveness and essential role of flaggers and spotters in
directing traffic for expressway and freeway work zones in Illinois with a posted speed limit greater than 40 mph.
The objectives of this project were to (1) conduct a comprehensive literature review to study the latest standards
and research on the use of flaggers and spotters to direct work zone traffic on expressways and freeways; (2)
perform site visits and field studies to evaluate flagger practices currently used in work zones in Illinois; (3) collect
and fuse the latest data on work zone crashes in Illinois during a 14-year period from 1996 to 2009 from all
available sources; (4) analyze the gathered data to study the frequency and severity of traffic-related work zone
crashes in Illinois highways, and investigate the probable causes and contributing factors of these work zone
crashes; (5) investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of work zone safety measures that can be used to
supplement or replace the use of flaggers and/or spotters, such as intrusion alarm systems, portable changeable
message signs, and portable speed monitoring displays; (6) conduct an online survey of resident engineers and
construction personnel in the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) and other state DOTs to gather their
feedback on the essential roles and effectiveness of flaggers and spotters in directing work zone traffic for
expressways and freeways; (7) identify the effectiveness and risks of using spotters and/or flaggers in work
zones with a posted speed limit greater than 40 mph on Illinois expressways and freeways, and identify effective
work zone safety measures that can be used to supplement or replace flaggers in these works zones; and (8)
develop recommendations on the use of flaggers, spotters, and other safety measures in work zones with a
posted speed limit greater than 40 mph on Illinois expressways and freeways. These recommendations can be
used by IDOT to update and/or expand related IDOT policies, specifications, and standards in order to improve
work zone safety and mobility.
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