Development of shrinkage limits and testing protocols for ODOT high performance concrete.

Details

• Creators:
  Ideker, Jason H. ; Fu, Tengfei ; Deboodt, Tyler
• Corporate Creators:
  Oregon. Dept. of Transportation. Research Section
• Corporate Contributors:
  United States. Federal Highway Administration
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  • High performance concrete
  • Shrinkage limit
  • Test procedures
  • Cracking of concrete pavements
  • Specifications
  • Laboratory tests
  • Bridge decks
  • Literature reviews
• Publication/ Report Number:
  FHWA-OR-RD-14-09
• Resource Type:
  Tech Report
• Geographical Coverage:
  Oregon
• Corporate Publisher:
  Oregon. Dept. of Transportation. Research Section
• Abstract:
  ODOT has observed varying degrees of cracking in their concrete structures. Cracking of high performance reinforced ; concrete structures, in particular bridge decks, is of paramount concern to ODOT. Cracking at early ages (especially within ; the first year after placement) results in additional costs and a significant maintenance burden to ODOT. The causes behind ; cracking in high performance concrete are well known and documented in the existing literature. However, appropriate ; shrinkage limits and standard laboratory/field tests that allow proper criteria to ensure crack-free or highly crackingresistant high performance concrete are not clearly established either in the technical literature or in specifications. The ; purpose of this research was to provide shrinkage threshold limits for specifications and to provide a robust test procedure ; that allows easy determination of compliance with specified threshold limits. It has been shown that the “restrained ring” ; tests are the most comprehensive accelerated laboratory tests to accurately identify cracking potential. In addition, ; acceptable correlation between the ring test and the field test has been observed and documented. However, a simplified ; yet robust test procedure is in demand from materials suppliers and Departments of Transportation. Analysis of data ; obtained from this research project showed that the ratio of free shrinkage to shrinkage capacity (theoretical strain related ; to tensile strength and modulus of elasticity), referred to as a cracking potential indicator (CPI), was a promising ; assessment of cracking resistant performance. In this way, only the free shrinkage test (ASTM C157) and basic mechanical ; properties (ASTM C39, C469 and C496) are required to assess cracking risk of candidate high performance concrete ; mixture designs. This research investigation showed that a CPI less than 3.0 indicated low cracking risk when correlated to ; standard restrained ring tests. For ODOT HPC concrete bridge deck mixtures, a limit of 450 microstrain for free shrinkage ; at 28 day from initiation of drying is recommended to achieve satisfactory cracking resistance. Correlation to field ; experience is also recommended if these recommended thresholds/limits are adopted by ODOT.
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• Format:
  PDF
• Funding:
  SPR 728
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/26867/dot_26867_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.74 MB]
• Collection(s):
  US Transportation Collection
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:ca27bd426527e7453e074b30805fecc3b8a74aff3768ecd82165ff8b29cac5f4