United States Department of Transportation
i
Low frequency noise study.
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2007-04-01
[PDF-2.52 MB]
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NTL Classification:NTL-AVIATION-AVIATION;NTL-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT;
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Abstract:This report documents a study to investigate human response to the low-frequency
content of aviation noise, or low-frequency noise (LFN). The study comprised field
measurements and laboratory studies. The major findings were:
1. Start-of-takeoff-roll, acceleration down the runway, and thrust reversal generate
high levels of LFN (below 200 Hz) at critical distances from runways (around
3000 ft in the study) which can be annoying to people living around airports.
2. Hubbard exterior sound level criteria works well as a first level assessment tool
for vibration/rattle due to LFN.
3. A-weighted Sound Pressure Level (LAmax) and C-weighted Sound Pressure
Level (LCmax) metrics correlate well with laboratory based subjective response
to indoor aircraft noise when LFN levels are low to moderate. The same holds
for rattle annoyance (again for low to moderate level LFN). Also, multiple low
level LFN events may cause rattle (i.e. simultaneous multiple runway
operations).
4. When high levels of LFN are present, Tokita & Nakamura thresholds with CWeighted
Sound Exposure Level (LCE) metric should be used as an indicator of
potential for LFN annoyance. The low-frequency noise based metrics did not
perform as well as LCE. Data lower than 50 Hz is needed to assess
vibration/rattle annoyance.
5. The risk of window rattle is lowered with preload and avoiding resonance
response in the design. Outdoor-Indoor Transmission Class (OITC) is a better
rating for rattle prone applications than Sound Transmission Class (STC)
commonly used in rating windows for transmission loss.
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