Validity and usability of a safe driving behaviors measure for older adults : strategy for congestion mitigation.
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2012-01-01
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NTL Classification:NTL-SAFETY AND SECURITY-Accidents;NTL-SAFETY AND SECURITY-Highway Safety;NTL-SAFETY AND SECURITY-Human Factors;
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Abstract:Statistics project that crash/injury/fatality rates of older drivers will increase with the future growth of
this population. Accurate and precise measurement of older driver behaviors becomes imperative to
curtail these crash trends and resulting congestion. The Comprehensive Driving Evaluation (gold
standard test) is highly valid and reliable, but limitations include being time-consuming, providing
limited access, and holding an element of threat (mandatory/ ethical reporting upon failing). Self-report
is a means to identify older adults’ safe driving behaviors, increase driving safety awareness/
knowledge, and promote behavior change and safer driving outcomes. Existing measures are limited in
accurately assessing older driver behaviors due to length, respondent burden, and inadequately
representing driving constructs (i.e. person, vehicle, environment). Current self-report measures fall
short of providing meaningful descriptions of driving ability level, and do not contribute to targeting risk
reduction or increasing driving safety strategies. In contrast, item response theory or IRT methods are
particularly useful to offer precise measurement of driving behaviors. Understanding a driver’s “level”
of safe driving behaviors is a critical step towards providing an entry point for logical and effective
interventions, identifying optimal training parameters, and predicting future driving ability. To that end
we propose the further development of such a measure.
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