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NTL Classification:NTL-HIGHWAY/ROAD TRANSPORTATION-HIGHWAY/ROAD TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract:Percent voids in combined aggregates vary significantly. Simplified methods of predicting aggregate
voids were studied to determine the feasibility of a range of gradations using aggregates available in Kansas.
The 0.45 Power Curve Void Prediction Method and the Coarseness Factor Method were tested using thirtysix
combined aggregate gradations, most meeting KDOT gradation standards.
The 0.45 Power Curve Void Prediction Method yields more consistent predictions of percent voids in
combined aggregate than the Coarseness Factor Void Prediction Method. The Coarseness Factor Method
requires less calibration and physical testing than the 0.45 Power Curve Void Prediction Method. Neither the
0.45 Power Curve nor the Coarseness Factor Void Prediction Method are accurate for combined aggregate
that deviates substantially – more than 15% on an individual sieve size – from the 0.45 maximum density
line. Well-graded aggregate showed less estimation error than aggregate that was not well-graded using the
coarseness factor void prediction method.
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