Modifications of highway air pollution models for complex geometries, volume II : wind tunnel test program.

Details

• Corporate Creators:
  Technology Integration and Development Group, Inc. ; Boston University ; Sigma Research Corp.
• Corporate Contributors:
  United States. Federal Highway Administration ; United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Aviation Administration
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  • Air pollution
  • Street canyons
  • Highway cut
  • Urban dispersion models
  • Wind tunnel
  • Turbulence
• Publication/ Report Number:
  FHWA-RD-02-037;R 8806-002-RD
• Resource Type:
  Tech Report
• Geographical Coverage:
  Minnesota;New York;Texas;Washington
• Edition:
  Final report vol. II; Sept. 1984-July 1989.
• Contracting Officer:
  Jongedyk, Howard A.; Segal, Howard M.
• Corporate Publisher:
  Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center
• Abstract:
  This is volume I1 of a two-volume report of a study to increase the scope and clarity of air pollution models for ; depressed highway and street canyon sites. It presents the atmospheric wind tunnel program conducted to increase the ; data base and improves physical concepts of pertinent movements and mixing of air and its contaminants. Wind tunnel ; measurements are less costly than field measurements and are sensitive to controlled input variables. ; The f~swti nd tunnel operations assured geometric, vortex structure, and upstream flow similarity and correct ; building wake and moving vehicle effects. Tracer gases from point, line, and moving vehicle sources were used ; appropriately. For wind tunnel models of depressed roads or street canyons hot-wire anemometer velocity and turbulence, ; pressure distribution and receptor point concentration measurements were made. Using a selected standard road model ; which had two dimensions and a width/ height (W/H) ratio of one effects of wind angle, local source location, added ; upwind cuts, vehicle speed, ambient wind speed, and the presence of upwind wall canopy were observed. Other ; two-dimensional tests involved changing the w/H ratios from 0.25 to 6.0, sloping the walls, slotted walls, walls of unequal ; heights, and curved roads. Three dimensional tests included end effects, intersections, and an added taller structure along ; one side of the road. Test results gave qualitative evaluations, concise tables, graphic illustrations, and qualitative concepts ; of wind flows and dispersion. ; Some findings include: ; (1) Wind flows and air pollution impacts are affected by W/H ratio, road curvature, and slope of walls, vehicle ; movements, and source locations. Slotted buildings upwind reduce impacts. ; (2) Air contaminant concentrations are reduced near intersections due to vertical vortices at corners ; (3) Simulations of five field sites by wind tunnel tests were satisfactory. ; Volume I is publication FHWA-RD-02-036, " Data Analyses and Model Developmenty
  More +
• Format:
  PDF
• Funding:
  DTFH61-84-C-00104
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/25304/dot_25304_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 10.53 MB]
• Collection(s):
  Federal Highway Administration ; US Transportation Collection
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4f4b8915c450eab1abb2108fd068a0c344f522e3f6f186cccc67fed10b84d5bbb6551e8ffb9287c6789a2f1de43c02cae8f73a002a4fad2f3a81dde39ec74416