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Improving the properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement for roadway base applications.
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2012-08-01
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[PDF-16.50 MB]
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Edition:Final report; Oct. 2009-Aug. 2012.
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Abstract:The objective of this study was to improve Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement’s (RAP) strength in base course
applications while reducing creep to an acceptable level using compaction techniques, fractionating,
blending with high quality base course aggregate, and/or by chemical stabilization with asphalt emulsion,
Portland cement, or lime. RAP/limerock blends with and without chemical stabilization were compacted by
modified Proctor, Marshall, or gyratory methods, cured, and tested for strength and creep. Strength tests
included limerock bearing ratio (LBR), unconfined compression, Marshall compression, and indirect tensile
tests. Strength specimens were tested dry and soaked to evaluate retained strength. Seven-day onedimensional
creep testing was performed. Gyratory compaction produced higher densities than modified
Proctor or Marshall compaction. At the same density, gyratory compaction improved RAP’s strength by a
factor of two to three over modified Proctor but had less effect on creep. Modified Proctor moisture-density
plots followed an S-shape without a clear optimum; modified Proctor may not be the best method to predict
RAP compaction behavior. Fractionating RAP did not improve strength or creep unless RAP was remixed to
match a maximum density curve. Fractionating did not produce acceptable LBRs or creep. RAP blended
with limerock, cemented coquina, or reclaimed concrete aggregates showed improved LBR and creep
performance. RAP/aggregate blends have the potential to be used as Florida base course. As the amount of
aggregate blended with RAP increased, LBR increased and creep decreased. Creep behavior of blends with
75% aggregate was similar to 100% aggregate. Unstabilized blends with 50% aggregate did not produce
LBR values over 100. Blends of 50% RAP/50% limerock stabilized with 1% of either asphalt emulsion or
cement attained soaked LBRs over 100 and acceptable creep. Blends of RAP with 75% limerock attained
soaked LBRs close to 100 and low creep without any chemical stabilizer. Adding RAP to limerock blends
generally increased the soaked retained strength and improved permeability compared to 100% limerock.
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