Development and validation of a sensor-based health monitoring model for the Parkview Bridge deck.
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2012-01-31
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Edition:Final report; 2010-2012.
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Abstract:Accelerated bridge construction (ABC) using full-depth precast deck panels is an innovative technique that brings all
the benefits listed under ABC to full fruition. However, this technique needs to be evaluated and the performance of
the bridge needs to be monitored. Sensor networks, also known as health monitoring systems, can aid in the
determination of the true reliability and performance of a structure by developing models that predict structure
behavior and component interaction. The continuous monitoring of bridge deck health can provide certain stress
signatures at the onset of deterioration. The signatures are vital to identify type of distress and to initiate corrective
measures immediately; as a result, bridge service life increases and eliminates costly repairs This project focused on
the continuous monitoring and evaluation of the structural behavior of the Parkview Bridge full-depth deck panels
under loads using the sensor network installed. Special attention was placed on the durability performance of the
connections between precast components. However, after careful evaluation of the designs and construction process,
it was identified that the transverse joints between deck panels are the weakest links, in terms of durability, in the
system.
Analysis of sensor data and load test data showed that the live load effect on the bridge is negligible. The
dominant load is the thermal. Using three years of data from the sensors, stress envelopes were developed. These
envelopes serve as the basis for identifying the onset of bridge deterioration. A detailed finite element model was
developed, and the model was first calibrated using load test data. However, due to the dominance of thermal loads, it
was required to calibrate the model using stresses developed in the structural system due to thermal loads. This was a
great challenge due to a lack of sensors along depth of the bridge superstructure cross-section. A few models were
identified that are capable of representing the thermal gradient profile from 12 p.m. to 6 p.m. in a summer day. The
FE model was calibrated using sensor data and the thermal gradient profile of the specific duration. Construction
process simulation with the calibrated model shows that all the joints between the panels are in compression, as
expected at the design. Stress signatures were developed simulating the debonding of a transverse joint between
panels. The signatures show a distinct pattern than what is observed from a bridge without distress. Hence, the onset
of deterioration can be identified from the sensor data to make necessary maintenance decisions. The proposed
signatures are applicable only during noon to 6 p.m. on a summer day, and development of deterioration models for
the rest of the time requires development of new thermal models. Further, the stresses vary drastically following
onset of joint deterioration; hence, identification of exact physical location of the sensors is required for fine-tuning
the models.
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