United States Department of Transportation
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Investigation of electromagnetic gauges for determining in-place HMA density.
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2007-05-01
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[PDF-1.79 MB]
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Edition:Final report.
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Abstract:Density is an important component of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) pavement quality and long-term performance. Insufficient density of an
in-place HMA pavement is the most frequently cited construction-related performance problem.
This study evaluated the use of electromagnetic gauges to nondestructively determine densities. Field and laboratory measurements
were taken with two electromagnetic gauges—a PaveTracker and a Pavement Quality Indicator (PQI). Test data were collected in the
field during and after paving operations and also in a laboratory on field mixes compacted in the lab.
This study revealed that several mix- and project-specific factors affect electromagnetic gauge readings. Consequently, the
implementation of these gauges will likely need to be done utilizing a test strip on a project- and mix-specific basis to appropriately
identify an adjustment factor for the specific electromagnetic gauge being used for quality control and quality assurance (QC/QA)
testing. The substantial reduction in testing time that results from employing electromagnetic gauges rather than coring makes it
possible for more readings to be used in the QC/QA process with real-time information without increasing the testing costs.
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