United States Department of Transportation
i
Performance of Color-Dependent Tasks of Air Traffic Control Specialists as a Function of Type and Degree of Color Vision Deficiency
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1992-08-01
[PDF-1.10 MB]
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Abstract:This experiment was conducted to expand initial efforts to validate the requirement for normal color vision in Air Traffic Control Specialist (ATCS) personnel who work at en route center, terminal, and flight service station facilities. An enlarged data base was developed involving 121 individuals with normal color vision, 31 simple and 44 extreme anomalous trichromats, and 48 dichromats; both protans and duetans were included. The performance of subjects with normal color vision was compared with the performance of individuals in various classifications of color vision deficiency on a battery of color-dependent ATCS tasks. Simulations of the ATC color tasks concerned color coding in flight progress strips (at en route centers), aircraft lights and Aviation Signal Light indicator (in tower operations), and color weather radar (at flight service stations).
Errors were rare among normal trichromats. Mean errors were significantly higher at every level (degree) of color vision deficiency than in normals. Approximately 6 percent of color deficient subjects were able to perform ATC color tasks without error. The six percent were all from the simple anomalous trichromat category; all extreme anomalous trichromats and dichromats were prone to error on ATC tasks. These findings provide support for the requirement of normal color vision in initial medical screening of ATCS personnel.
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