United States Department of Transportation
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Inhalation Toxicology: III. Evaluation of Thermal Degradation Products from Aircraft and Automobile Engine Oils, Aircraft Hydraulic Fluid, and Mineral Oil
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1983-04-01
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[PDF-620.86 KB]
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Abstract:A malfunctioning seal in the gear-reduction box of a turboprop aircraft engine could allow oil to enter the turbine's compressor section, which is the source of bleed air used to pressurize the cabin. Oil, or its degradation products, could have a deleterious effect on crew and passengers.
A series of tests sponsored by the National Transportation Safety Board had examined the possibility that contaminated bleed air might contain toxic products identifiable by chemical analysis, but none of the gases for which they analyzed were present in toxic concentrations. However, the approach did not eliminate the possible presence of an additional component with significant animal toxicity.
The research reported here examined the toxicity of thermal degradation products from aircraft lubricating oils and some related products. Rats were exposed to smoke from these products and relative toxicity evaluated in terms of time-to-incapacitation and time-to-death. The carbon monoxide (CO) content of the smoke was measured and this information, in conjunction with the animal response times, was the basis for concluding that the decomposition of these oils did not produce any chemical species, other than CO, in quantities sufficient to contribute to the total toxicity.
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