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Framework of calculating the measures of resilience (MOR) for intermodal transportation systems.
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2010-07-01
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[PDF-1.87 MB]
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Abstract:Recent catastrophic events, such as Hurricane Katrina, have accentuated the value of measures of resilience (MOR) for the response and
restoration of transportation systems following a disaster and have therefore become a topic of great concern for transportation researchers.
However, according to a review of current literature, a widely accepted method for evaluating MOR for transportation systems (especially in an
intermodal context) has not been established. The objective of this report is to develop a framework for MOR calculation for intermodal
transportation systems in response to disaster and to evaluate effectiveness of strategies for improving the MOR. Freight transportation
resilience is the main concern in this report; however, to replicate actual traffic conditions, passenger transportation is also considered as a part
of an integrated transportation system. For the MOR calculation procedure, TransCAD was used to model the research area network and
generate transportation data. Pre-disaster and post-disaster population and employment data was collected at the county level and disaggregated
to each Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ) using linear equations. Then, based on the study area’s population and employment data, the network
Origin-Destination (OD) traffic before and after the disaster was estimated using TransCAD. A series of resilience indicators in terms of
mobility, accessibility, and reliability were selected to evaluate the intermodal system performance based on the TransCAD outputs. A
Performance Index (PI) is further introduced which aggregates several resilience indicators to measure system performance regarding mobility.
The Level of Service (LOS) of highway networks and intermodal terminals before and after a disaster were also determined according to their
respective LOS standards. Based on these resilience indicators, MOR in this report is defined the percentages of system performance measures
degraded. A formula was developed to produce quantitative values for intermodal system MOR with respect to mobility, accessibility, and
reliability. The above process was reviewed in a case study of the Mississippi Gulf Coast region. The analysis demonstrated the effectiveness of
the proposed MOR calculation procedure. In addition, strategies for improving MOR were studied, and because the impact of disaster to MOR
was not significant, rerouting was proposed as a method for improvement. To evaluate the effectiveness of rerouting, experiments were
explored using DynusT simulation. Results of this experimentation show that, in this case, rerouting is a valid method for MOR enhancement
and that diversion delay is significant.
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