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The site conditions just about always dictate the basic layout of a structure. The choices of materials and appearance are usually made by the engineer. The materials going into the structure get a great deal of attention, but unfortunately the appearance too frequently does not. It is not unusual then to find a very few structures with deficiencies stemming from the materials used, but many with deficiencies in appearance. This report is intended to acquaint the designer of highway structures with the more popular and presently used architectural concrete finishes to help him enhance the appearance of his structures. The various architectural concrete finishes obtainable from cast-in-place and precast processes are presented. General considerations such as appearance, weathering, and specifications for these finishes are discussed. A discussion is presented of the costs and practical considerations that need to be taken into account in selecting architectural concrete finishes for highway structures. The report does not deal with concrete paints or other superficial coatings.
Noise and vibration are the major sources of environmental impact from urban rail transit operations and is a concern for both new and existing system...
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