United States Department of Transportation
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Technological advances in evacuation planning and emergency management : current state of the art.
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2003-03-01
[PDF-604.67 KB]
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Edition:Final report; Jan. 2003-June 2003.
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Abstract:Evacuation of people in the event of hazard is one of basic problems of human society. From early
ages people planned their habitat with possibility of hazards in mind. For instance, one of The Seven
Wonders of the World, the Temple of Artemis, was built on a swamp, to protect it and its personnel
from earthquakes often in that area. With the course of history, complexity of human built buildings
and infrastructures grew, as well as a population density. This increased the dangers imposed by any
hazard, occurring in densely populated areas, and imposed higher requirements on evacuation and
emergency management. Nowadays, evacuation planning and emergency management became a
sophisticated field of civil engineering sciences, aimed to save human lives by safe facility design and
optimization of rescue operations. To do so, it uses latest achievements in number of various both
fundamental and applied disciplines, such as Simulation, Process Control, Applied Mathematics,
Psychology, Architecture, Physics and many others. In this work we attempt to present a survey of
various approaches and technologies, being developed and being used for Evacuation Planning and
Emergency Management.
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