Safety risks of hydrogen fuel for applications in transportation vehicles.
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2009-04-01
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Edition:Final.
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Abstract:Combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in many practical applications produces pollutants that are harmful to human health and environment. Hydrogen fuel is considered to be a potential answer to the clean energy demands, especially with the advances in fuel cells and hydrogen powered internal combustion engines. The transition from fossil to hydrogen fuel involves many challenges that must be overcome for a widespread hydrogen economy. Safety is a critical issue during the design and operation of vehicles and storage tanks involving hydrogen, whose properties are drastically different compared to the traditional fuels such as gasoline. Experimental study and theoretical analysis were performed to investigate the flammability of hydrogen-air mixtures and its dependence on various parameters. To understand the transient behavior of hydrogen mixing and associated flammablimits in air during an accidental release, computational tools were used. The numerical simulations display the spatial and temporal distributions of hydrogen and the complex flow patterns demonstrate the fast formation of flammable zones with implications in the safe and efficient use of hydrogen in various applications. This study is essential to support the fire safety and prevention guidelines. Results obtained in this work are expected to be utilized for developing the necessary fire safety costandards for
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