United States Department of Transportation
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Alternative Title:Project title: Review of warm mix asphalt in the US
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Edition:Technical report; Sept. 2005-Dec. 2008.
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Abstract:Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) technology, recently developed in Europe, is gaining strong interest in the US. By
lowering the viscosity of asphalt binder and/or increasing the workability of mixture using minimal heat, WMA
technology allows the mixing, transporting, and paving process at significantly lower temperature. Using this
new technology, asphalt mix can be produced as much as 100ºF lower than traditional hot mix asphalt (HMA).
Several benefits of lower mixing and compaction temperature include: less emission, savings in energy cost,
longer construction season, less odor, and construction during non-peak periods. Despite the apparent benefits,
some researchers are concerned about the long-term performance of this new mixture. In last few years, dozens
of field test sections have been constructed thorough out the USA using different WMA technologies. It is too
early to report the performance; but so far, no negative performance has been reported in the literature. In the
last few years, several large national and state level research projects have been initiated to evaluate, validate,
and implement this new technology.
This report documents the results of a comprehensive review of worldwide information dealing with the
following issues as related to warm mix asphalt: Current state of the art/practice of WMA; cost and benefits of
WMA technology; plant modifications to accommodate WMA; mixture design; durability and performance;
performance related testing; quality control; specifications; and construction guidelines.
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