Kivihiilivoimalan Sivutuotteiden Maarakennuskaeytoen Elinkaariarviointi
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Kivihiilivoimalan Sivutuotteiden Maarakennuskaeytoen Elinkaariarviointi

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  • Alternative Title:
    Environmental impact of the use of fly ash and FGD residues in earthworks
  • Creators:
  • Corporate Creators:
    Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus
  • Subject/TRT Terms:
  • Publication/ Report Number:
    VTT-TIED-1898
  • Resource Type:
    Research Paper
  • Geographical Coverage:
    Helsinki (Finland)
  • Corporate Publisher:
    Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus
  • Abstract:
    The goal of this project was to assess the environmental impact of using fly ash and flue gas desulphurization (FGD) residues (produced by pulverized coal-fired power plants which employ semi dry scrubbing technology) in earthworks. The use of fly ash and FGD residues was compred with the use of natural minerals (sand, gravel and macadam) in road construction and clay stabilization. When natural minerals were used, the fly ash and FGD residues were assumed to be disposed of in a landfill. The study was conducted according to the life cycle assessment (LCA) method recommended by SETAC (Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry). The assessment includes the following environmental effects caused by extraction, production and transportation of raw materials and the road constuction process: energy and fuel consumption, consumption of raw materials, emissions into air, leaching of impurities, noise, dust emissions, land use and accident risks. The environmental impacts were assessed for a 1 km long road over a period of 50 years. The contribution from road traffic over the same period is not included in the study. The maintenance of the road was also excluded. It was assumed that the road would remain in place also after the studied period. The compared options were: a road built of fly ash and FGD residues; a road built of natural minerals, and disposal of fly ash and FGD residues in a landfill; stabilization of clay qith fly ash and FGD residues; and stabilization of clay with cement. On the basis of the study most of the enviromental impacts of a road built of natural minerals were higher than those of the road built of fly ash and FGD residue. Only the leached out impurities were higher in the fly ash and FGD residue. In the road built of natural minerals the higher emissions into air are mainly due to the transportation of sand and gravel over long distances. This study describes the situation in the Helsinki metropolitan are and the results are therefore regional. Elsewhere, where sand and gravel are more readily available, the results of the study could be different. Also, other definitions made during the study may have had significant effects on the results.
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