United States Department of Transportation
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Abstract:One of the predominant characteristics of modern life in the United States has been the increasing proportion of the population concentrated in metropolitan areas. This growth of large urban centers within relatively narrow geographic areas would have been almost impossible economically without the development of urban transit systems. The movement of millions of people within a metropolitan area as a normal function of everyday business operations is the job of the transit operation. Although the first efforts of the industry were relatively crude, technology has advanced in a coordinate sense with the demands which the public has placed upon the urban transit companies. Urban transit as discussed herein is confined to organized common carriers of passengers in cities and suburban areas operating over fixed definite routes, at regular intervals and at stated rates of fare, and utilizing electric railway, motor bus and trolley coach systems; and, in the largest cities, rapid transit subway or elevated electric railway lines. Stated less specifically, urban transit companies are engaged primarily in the local transportation of passengers, within cities and suburban areas, in electric street cars and trolley coaches and motor busses. They do not include such local and semi-local carriers of passengers as taxicabs or electrified divisions of suburban railroads, or so-called long distance, over-the-road motor coach operations connecting widely separated cities and communities.
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