Attentional Issues with Superimposed Symbology: Formats for Scene-Linked Displays
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Attentional Issues with Superimposed Symbology: Formats for Scene-Linked Displays

Filetype[PDF-36.94 KB]


English

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  • NTL Classification:
    NTL-AVIATION-Aviation Human Factors
  • Abstract:
    The head-up display (HUD) has been shown to be a superior presentation method

    for flight path symbology over that of traditional flight director. Recent

    studies, however, have shown that there are specific performance problems

    associated with HUDs. During simulated landing with superimposed HUD symbology,

    pilots took 2.5 seconds longer to respond to an unexpected runway incursion

    when the symbology was presented head-up than when head-down. This extends and

    replicates previous research showing that superimposed HUD symbology may lead to

    attentional tunneling and inefficient processing of the out-the-window scene.

    In operational usage, superimposed symbology on a HUD is mostly presented at a

    fixed, specific location on the HUD combiner, while the world scene behind it

    pitches, yaws, and rolls in response to aircraft motion. McCann, Lynch, Foyle

    and Johnston (1993) measured the time it takes to switch between the world

    scene and the superimposed HUD symbology. They found that differential motion

    between the superimposed HUD symbology and the out-the-window scene led to

    increased attentional switching time, and concluded that this differential

    motion may be the primary driver behind attentional tunneling. If the primary

    cause of attentional tunneling is differential motion between the HUD symbology

    and the world, then removing the differential motion cues should minimize the

    attentional tunneling problem. One design option that achieves this goal is to

    replace conventional HUD symbols with virtual symbols that appear to be

    physically part of the world. Although rendered in graphics on the HUD, these

    "scene-linked" symbols are drawn, and move, as virtual objects in the

    out-the-window scene. As the aircraft moves through the world, the

    scene-linked symbols undergo the positional visual transformations as real

    objects. There are no differential motion cues to cause the visual system to

    interpret the virtual symbols as separate from the world. In the absence of

    these cues, attentional tunneling should be prevented, enhancing the ability

    to process scene-linked HUD symbology in parallel with real-world information.

    6p.

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